GSM describes the mass of fabric per square metre. A higher GSM usually means more fabric mass, but it does not automatically mean higher flame, arc, anti-static or waterproof protection. Buyers should select GSM together with fibre composition, fabric construction, climate, durability needs and tested performance.
What GSM means
GSM means grams per square metre. It is a convenient way to compare fabric mass, but it should not be treated as a safety class or performance rating.
Why workwear buyers use GSM
Fabric weight influences hand feel, drape, perceived robustness, heat load and often durability. It is therefore useful for product comparison, especially when the same garment is offered in several fabric families.
220 GSM: lightweight direction
Around 220 GSM is commonly considered for lighter industrial workwear where mobility and warm-climate comfort are important. The required protective performance must still be demonstrated separately.
240 GSM: midweight direction
Around 240 GSM is a common middle ground for coveralls and workwear, balancing weight and robustness. It is frequently seen in FR and general industrial specifications, but the exact performance depends on the fabric system.
280 GSM: heavier-duty direction
Around 280 GSM provides more fabric mass and may be selected where buyers prefer a more substantial garment, additional durability or a heavier project specification. It is not automatically “safer” than a lower-GSM fabric.
Real project ranges are wider than 220–280 GSM
Industrial RFQs can range from lightweight inherent-FR fabrics near 150 GSM to 200+ GSM shirts and trousers, 240 GSM treated FR cotton and 270–280 GSM coveralls. This is why the correct question is not “What is the best GSM?” but “What weight meets the hazard, climate, wear and project requirements?”
Compare more than weight
- Fibre composition and FR mechanism
- Weave or knit construction
- Air permeability and moisture behaviour
- Tensile and tear performance
- Shrinkage and colourfastness
- Wash durability
- Certification and test scope
- Garment design and fit
Frequently asked questions.
Is 280 GSM better than 240 GSM?
Not automatically. The answer depends on the intended use, climate, durability needs and tested protective performance.
What GSM is best for oil & gas?
There is no single GSM for every oil & gas project. The hazard assessment and project specification should control the selection.
Does heavier fabric always have a higher arc rating?
No. Arc rating must come from test results for the actual fabric or garment system.
Is lightweight FR possible?
Yes. Inherent FR systems and other protective fabrics can be developed at relatively low fabric weights, subject to their tested performance.
Should a buyer specify GSM tolerance?
Where fabric weight is a controlled production requirement, an agreed tolerance should be included in the approved specification.